Electric-arc lamp



(ModeL) 0. J. VAN DEP OELE.

D ELEGTRIU ARC LAMP. v No. 261,280. Patented July 18, 1882.

Aiimz,

(I finze wezs W WW Jig;

N. PETERS. mn inm nmr. Wzuhmglon. D. C.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES J. VAN DEPOELE, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

ELECTRIC-ARC LAMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 261,280, dated July 18, 1882, Application filed February 11, 1882. (Model) To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES J. VAN DE- POELE, of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented new and useful Improvements in Electric Arc Lamps and I hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification.

The nature of my invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in the construction of electric lamps of the open or arc-light type, by means of which the position of the movable carbon is automatically adjusted, as such adjustment is required to preserve the proper relative distance between the adjacent ends of the upper and lower carbons to form the proper are.

The invention consists in the peculiar construction and operation of parts and their various combinations, as more fully hereinafter described.

Figure 1 is a front elevation of my improved electric lamp. Fig. 2 is a cross-section at the line immediately above the armature and magnets. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the upper section of the lamp.

In the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification, A and A represent a tube or cylinder loosely sleeved on the rod R, at the lower end of which is secured the carbon-holder socket P, which carries the carbon 0.

M is thclower carbon, resting in the socket N.

The tube, composed of two parts, A A, is made of brass, ivory, bone, or other suitable material. As seen, this tube is cut into two parts, the adjacent ends being cut at an angle of about forty-five degrees, so that if one of the parts is turned in either direction the other part remaining stationary, the tube will be elongated, or if pressure is applied to the ends of the two parts, owing to this peculiar out, such pressure will cause one part to attempt to override or pass the other, thereby causing the parts to bind upon the rod upon which they are sleeved, and holding the same rigidly until the pressure is relieved upon the ends of the tube.

B is a spring coiled around the rod B, and

with its lower end resting upon the plate G, which is adjustable vertically by means of the bolts D. This plate Gr should be so adjusted against the top of the tube A A that when the same are in the position shown in Fig. 1, and which will allow the rod It to slide easily therein, no pressure will be exerted upon the plate G, except just sufticient to hold the two parts of the tube in place against accidental displacement. E is an armature, centrally sleeved also upon this rod R, and adapted to have a partially rotating or vibratory movement. Upon the central part of this armature is secured the half of a cam, F, the other half of which is formed by the lower end of the part A of the tube, and arranged so that when the armature is vibrated in one direction the lower half of the tube will be raised, such pressure causing the two parts of such tube to tighten upon the rod. The opposite movement of the armature releases this pressure, when the two parts of the tube resume their normal condition and allow the rod to slide freely.

G and H are magnets to actuate the armature E by means of the main current passing through the coils of one of the magnets-say Gwhile through the coils of the other magnet-sayHa pulsating current is passing, such current being either a derived or a direct one.

I is a thimble, sleeved upon the rod R and supporting the armature, with which it oscillates or vibrates.

J is a spring to regulate the length of the are, shorter .or longer, as may be desired, by adjustably limiting the throw of the armature in its vibrations or oscillations, as shown in Fig. 2.

K is a post, slotted vertically, and in this slot is a detent or stop, (shown in Figs. 2 and 3,) which said stop engages with a slot, (shown in the part A of the tube,) to prevent such tube from turning upon the rod with the vibration of the armature.

In practice, the electric current being established in the usual manner, as in the case of lamps with arcs, the core of the magnet G becomes magnetized and attracts the nearest end of the armature E toward its center, thereby compelling the cam F to raise the part A of by forcing this part against the plate G, which,

under the operation of the spring B, will tend to hold the part A down and clamp the rod It. Any further motion of the armature in the same direction will overcome the resistance of the spring B and raise the tube and the rod It clamped as described within it. By this means the arc is established between the adjacent ends of the electrodes or carbons. As long as the current is normal and the arc of proper length the magnet G will hold the armature E pretty near its center; butwhen the arc grows too long by the combustion or burningaway of the ends of the electrodesit becomes necessary to feed the upper carbon gently and yet positively. This is secured by the combined action of the magnets G and H, the maincurrentpassingthrough themagnetG and a derived or pulsating current (such as I have described and claimed in an application now pending) passes through the magnet H, the one current alternately drawing the armature in one direction in its oscillation, and the other magnet introducing an opposite movement, whereby the feed of the rod and its movable carbon is positive and steady, as the armature E will be in a constant vibration.

In order that the operation of the two magnets may be better understood, I will now proceed to describe the circuits.

In starting the lamp the current passes through the main wire a to the plate 11 at 1, and passes from thence through the carbons O M, up through the frame a, from the frame 0- at 2 t0 the magnet G at 3, through and out of the magnet G at 3, and from 3 to the main wire (I. This circuit, when complete, energizes the magnet G and raises the upper carbon to form the arc, and is termed the normal circuit or current. When,however, the space between the two carbons increases so as-to cause a great resistance at that point, a portion of the current passes from the main wire at the point 1 to the spring-contact e at 5, from said spring 6 at 6 to the circuit-breaker J, from said circuit-breaker at 7 to the magnet H (of higher resistance than the magnet G) at 8, through said magnet, and from the same at 9 to the main wire at at 4.

From the above it will be seen that as soon as the second circuit (through the magnet H) is completed it will operate upon the nearest end of the armature E, and turn it and simultaneously attract the circuit-breaker f and break the current at 6. This breaking the current at 6 allows the spring circuit-breaker to again complete the circuit at 6, and these movements continue,the circuit-breaker f and the armature E vibrating rapidly until the carbon resumes its proper position, when the current again passes entirely through the normal circuit.

I do not desire to confine myself to the exact construction or location of the circuitbreaker as shown, nor to the means shown and described for raising the clutch-sections, as these features may be varied without departing from the spirit of my invention.

What I claim is-= 1. The combination, with the upper carbon of an electric lamp, of the two'part clutch A A, having angular meeting surfaces, and suitable means for operating said clutch, substantially as described.

2. The combination, with the upper carbon of an electric lamp, of the two-part clutch A A, having beveled meeting edges, a spring above the part A, and mechanism, substan tially as described, for operating the lower part, A, against the part A, as set forth.

3. In an electricarc lamp, the two part clutch A A", having beveled meeting edges, in combination with the armature E and suitable connecting mechanism between the arma ture and the clutch, whereby the movement of the armature will raise the clutch, substan tially as described.

4. In an electric-arc lamp, and in .combina tion with the rod and two-part tube, the spiral spring B and plate, G, with its adjustable lpolts, substantially as and for the purposes set orth.

'5. In an electric-arc lamp, the armature E, pivoted at its center and actuated by a mag net at one end, having a continuous current passing through the same, and a magnet at the opposite end, through which a pulsating or derived or direct current is passing, sub stantia-lly as and for the purposes set forth.

6. In an electric-arc lamp, the combination, with the two-part clutch A A, of the vibrat= ing armature E, and the cam F, secured to the armature and acting against the lower part, A, of the clutch, substantially as described.

7. In an electric-arc lamp, the combination, with the clutch A A and the vibrating armature E, and connecting mechanism for operating said clutch, of the spring J, substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

8. In an electric-arc lamp, the combination, with the two-part clutch A A and its operating mechanism, of the post K, carrying a detent engaging with the clutch to prevent it from rotating, substantially as described.

9. In an electric-arc lamp, the combination, with the clutch A A and the vibrating armature E, of the magnets G H and means, substantially as described, for passing a steady current through one magnet and a pulsating or intermittent current through the other, as set forth.

10. In an electric-arc lamp, the combination, with the two-partclutch AA, the spring B, the vibrating armature E, and connecting mechanism between the armature and clutch, of the magnets G H, currents connecting both magnets with the main line, the spring J, and the circuit-breaker f in the circuit of the magnet H, and operated by said magnet, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

11. In an electric-arc lamp, the two-part cylinder, constructed as described, in combi- 5 nation with the spring B and plate G, adapted to clamp, raise, and release the rod B, being actuated thereto by the operation of a centrally-pivoted armature between two magnets,

CHARLES J. VAN DEPOELE.

Witnesses:

JOHN SoULLY, FRANK DOUGLAS. 

